Taran Swan at Nickelodeon Latin America Case Study Essay

Taran Swan at Nickelodeon Latin America (A) Case Study Background and Scope In 1979, Nickelodeon, â€Å"a cable channel for kids 2-11 years old, was launched in the United States†. Nickelodeon provided a wide-range of programming which including â€Å"live-action, comedy, drama, animation, music and sports and game shows†. By 1995, Nickelodeon was the highest rated basic cable network and international expansion was very realistic and just getting started. To successfully transition internationally Nickelodeon allowed the channel to have its own â€Å"on-air identity and slogan† for each endeavor. Nickelodeon used an â€Å"International Swat Team† to launch the network into other countries and once established turned it over for local personnel†¦show more content†¦She understood that regardless of what decision she made, she would have to adapt her management style and skills. Situation Analysis Due to Swan’s medical situation, there are three critical activities that must be managed effectively in her absence: increasing advertising sales, increasing affiliate sales, and the executing the Brazil-specific feed. Advertising sales was a key concern for NLA. They had missed their goal by 11% last year. Though the overall bottom-line goal was met, this lack of revenues did not make for a sustainable business model. In addition, the Latin American economy was very rocky, and Brazil was undergoing a currency devaluation. In order for the company to continue on its path to success, the sales team was going to need to land more advertising accounts, and take advantage of the upcoming World Cup to drive much-needed revenues. Increasing affiliate sales was also key. In particular, the deals with Cablevision/TCI in Argentina and Telemundo in the United States were very important. These deals would expand the viewership by 1.5 million people in Latin America and millions m ore in the United States. In turn, this increased viewership would help increase advertising sales, and would also strengthen NLA’s foothold within the region. It was also help to show the corporation that the NLA project was succeeding. This could lead to a larger budget and more dedicated resources from the corporation. Finally,Show MoreRelatedTaran Swan Essay1218 Words   |  5 PagesTaran Swan’s story as general manager of Nickelodeon Latin America is a true pattern of successful leadership in building organizations. She manages to foster a great team of people who would feel equal and work together to achieve a common goal that she manages to set without exercising authority. Furthermore she manages to make everyone feel equal in their ideas by allowing discussions rather than exercising power. Her management is extremely effective when the company was being created but atRead MoreTaran Swan Nichelodeon823 Words   |  4 PagesCase study Taran Swan at Nickelodeon Latin America 1. Describe the culture at Nickelodeon Latin America. Be specific How did Swan go about building that culture? Swan formed an entrepreneurial culture that strives for competition, encourages to take risk and values for new ideas. The strong Nickelodeon identity (â€Å"orange blood†) and Swan’s business plan assisted building a clear vision and defining a key business strategy. In order to build the strong brand and culture Swan had to findRead MoreTaran Swan Hbr Case Analysis2602 Words   |  11 PagesTaran Swan at Nickelodeon Latin America Background Nickelodeon is a cable channel for kids 2-11 years old. It started out in the US in 1979. Nickelodeon produced cartoons, live action, comedy, drama, music, sports and game shows. In 1996 it was the most popular kid’s TV channel in the US. The international channels had their own names, but relied on US programs that were voiced over. The channels were launched by a team from corporate the company called the Nickelodeon International Swat Team

Essay on Foreign Investment in China The Variable...

â€Å"The risks of Variable Interest Entities have long been known... however these risks require clarification by China before they are taken seriously†. To what extent is this accurate and what does it mean for the future of Variable Interest Entities? Introduction The Variable Interest Entity (‘VIE’) is a well-established and widely utilised structure of investment employed in foreign investment in China. It entails a succession of contractual arrangements which hold the principal intention of circumventing the investment restrictions China has placed upon foreign ownership in particular sectors of the Chinese market. Consequently, the legal validity of VIEs has been a point of contention since its very inception. The Sina†¦show more content†¦In consequence this exposes the institutional challenges that confront the ‘state capitalism’ model of China, including attempts to both maintain and broaden the Party-state’s level of control. In consequence, the future prospects of VIEs in China are dependent upon the way in which Chinese policy-makers decide to respond to these institutional challenges. This paper has six parts. Following this introduction, Part II introduces a general analysis of the origins and structure of the VIE, taking into consideration the reasons for why the VIE structure was brought into existence. Part III will take a look at the horizontal risks involved with VIEs and the perilous nature of the VIE contract. Part IV will then explore the domestic vertical risks associated with VIEs, including an analysis of the regulatory measures currently in place, as well as case examples of the core vertical risk currently plaguing VIEs, selective enforcement. Part V will look at the offshore vertical risks related to the VIE structure, such as tax related issues and the potential hazardous outcomes such as de-listing and invalidation of the company. Part VI concludes the paper by discussing the future of the VIE structure and the ways in which the VIE as well as its surrounding influencing factors could be altered on the part of the investors and the Chinese governm ent in order to bringShow MoreRelatedIndia s Foreign Corporate Tax Rate961 Words   |  4 Pagesthere is a relationship between India’s Foreign Corporate Tax Rate and India’s Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Through my research, we see that India’s foreign corporate tax rate affects its FDI negatively. The time period we will be looking at will be from 1997-2013, due to the limited data available. Furthermore, I will explore some policy improvements which may increase FDI in India. 1. Background FDI is defined as cross-border investment by a resident entity in one economy with the objective ofRead MoreUsing Ownership Incentives in China1515 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿International Accounting – Case #1 Question 1: There a different ways for Roy Weber to export a local culture of ownership. He could do so by paying his employees in China the same way he pays his employees in Silicon Valley, meaning that their payment would consist of salary and a percentage of stock ownership depending on their position in the company. With employee ownership he motivates the workers to work hard and responsible because their own success depends on the success of the companyRead MoreAlibaba1115 Words   |  5 Pagescompany need to increase revenue by 30% to 35% annually for few years. Though it has been very eventful for the Chinese company as it becomes the fifth most valuable company after Apple ($614 billion), Google ($387 billion), Microsoft ($382 billion) and China Mobile ($259 billion). With the introduction of the IPO brought whole new sets of threats for US e-commerce giants. As we look behind 30 years ago, US companies held majority of the market share amongst Technology, Media and Telecom (TMT) companiesRead MoreThe Theme Of Nike Foreign Exchange Exposure Essay1038 Words    |  5 PagesI. Introduction The purpose of this report is to analyze the theme of NIKE foreign exchange exposure. In this research, NIKE financial report 2014 will be used a fundamental source to analyse the break down of revenue according to market or segments of Nike. Nike Enterprise possesses heaps of segments all over the world such as North America, Central Eastern Europe, Greater China, Japan, and Emerging Markets. In addition, there are also manifold merchandises manufactured and distributed beyondRead MoreChina s Second Largest Economy2291 Words   |  10 PagesChina is second largest economy in the word. Size of the Chinese economy and future growth potential has attracted the foreign companies to operate and earn profits. Thrust for cost saving and market expansion direct Multinational companies towards China. China has open the door for foreign companies between 1978 and 1990. Mode of entry utilized by multinational firms includes direct export, franchising, joint venture wholly owned subsidies. 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Most of the organizations critics argued that the largest food company worldwide paid its workers low wages and hired part-time employees who were mainly teenagers in order to avoid paying overtimeRead MoreFixed Deposit Investment10502 Words   |  43 Pagesthanks are due to (those who have helped in collecting data or analysis or typesetting etc.) Signature of the Student________________ Place: Name: CERTIFICATE Certified that this Project on Foreign Direct Investment is a work done by MISS ___________________ during the period of her study under my guidance, and that the project has not previously formed the basis for the award of any degree, diploma, associate ship, fellowship or similar other titlesRead MoreFinancial Crisis Of The Brc Economies2217 Words   |  9 Pagesgrowth due strong trade flows, which lead to an increase in most asset classes. Accompanied with high-interest rates(Figure 5), foreign investment flowed into the Asian regions. Taking advantage of the high-interest rates, Thai banks had started to accumulate large foreign currency reserves by borrowing foreign currency, converting the currency into the THB, and lending the THB at the higher interest rates (Laplamwanit, 1999). A large amount of the borrowers had invested in real estate, which (learningRead MoreBarry J. Delisle s The Globalization Era2838 Words   |  12 PagesWith the world connected, cyber actors repre sent a very real and often underestimated threat to the United States’ ability to defend national security, protect industrial innovation, and secure privacy information. As a result of globalization, the foreign cyber actors represent the most imminent threat to national security, corporate innovation, and citizen privacy rights. The first age of globalization took place during the mid-19th century with the repeal of the Corn Laws and Navigation Acts. Read MoreImproving Public Infrastructure : A Study Of Guyana9265 Words   |  38 Pagesinfrastructure: A study of Guyana Foreign Direct Investment and Private Investments need adequate public infrastructure; which can be facilitated through greater Public Private Partnership within Guyana. If only we knew more about the determinants of investment! But, unfortunately, our knowledge in this direction is still very meager. One might well ask, what is wrong with the theory of investment? Or, perhaps, what is wrong with the subject matter itself! For one thing, this variable, -- the pivot of modern

Understanding Of The Human Behavior Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Understanding Of The Human Behavior. Answer: Introduction A critical incident is one where peoples assumptions are being challenged resulting to a change in their mindset and undertaking. It helps in the better understanding of the importance of the situation and thereby attains the different aspects through which the situation can be analyzed and perceived. It helps in the thorough understanding of the human behavior and thereby helps in determining the various aspects of the change that is required to be brought in the individuals. A critical incident not only helps the person in perceiving the change in the mindset but also helps in rectifying the understanding of the different factors that affects the approach of the person. On the other hand, the understanding of the critical incident helps in determining the type and the effects of the practice that is being undertaken by the individual. It helps in bringing in improvements through self-evaluation and improvements. Description of the incident It was in my college days that I had to face many issues while pursuing my studies on mathematics. I was a total failure in the subject as I failed in my attempts to understand the theories and their application. On the other hand, I used to mix up the variables and the formulas, which was a painful event of my life then. I was forced to make myself comfortable with the subject by my parents. However, I could not bring in any change in my practices to support my ill feelings that I nurtured for the subject. My teachers undertook every possible ways to make me understand and my parents also appointed a tutor for assistance. However, it never helped me out as it was the subject I hated the most. Gradually, my exams approached closer and I found myself in the middle of nothingness relating to the understanding of the subject. It has affected the morals and the sensibility. I was totally pissed off and frustrated as was my parents. I could feel that I was losing my mental stability then. The actual incident occurred when the results for the mathematics assignment was announced. I failed to achieve the grade that my parents expected after all their efforts. I was frustrated and I ran away from my house thinking that I was a hopeless creature or sort of. My parents took every possible measure to bring me back home and they did so. It is one of the most critical incident that occurred in my life. Feelings It was a critical incident as it has helped me in understanding the human behavior and thereby the determination of the needs and the requirements of the people while communicating are facilitated. Today I can feel that it was because of my inability to clarify my doubts with my tutors and the belief of the subject to be tough enough that created a wall between me and my tutors who were constantly trying to help me out of the situation. I felt rather harassed by the unconventional approach of my friends as they made jokes of me. I failed to clarify my doubts, which affected my understanding of the subject. That has created an impact on my understanding due to one way communication. Moreover, I felt downtrodden because of such hefty reactions that my friends gave me. I failed to determine the manner in which I must express my difficulties in understanding the subject. On the other hand, the clarity of the message and the brevity of the same help in establishing the arguments more dyna mically. As per my case, the incident has helped me in understanding the fluctuations in the communication that is required to be undertaken in order to justify to the needs and the requirements of the audience to which I am stating my discrepancies. Communication is a two way process which is facilitated by the proper coordination of the receiver and the sender. It helps in maintaining the efficiency of the communication. On the other hand, Sarkar (2012) stated that the proper understanding of the demand of the receiver helps in determining the tonality, brevity and the clarity of the communicator that helps in undertaking proper communication. Evaluation The critical incident has changed the manner in which I took communication strategies for expressing my needs. It was quite evident from their feedbacks that the communication that was undertaken by me was failing due to the lack of clarity of the context that is being used as the message. The major aspects of the change in the approach are based on the efficiency of the communication and the identification of the key requirements of the receiver. It is based on the understanding of the manner in which the best way of expression can be undertaken. It will be helping me in undertaking a proper communication not only in the classroom but also in the society. The other aspect of the change that is being undertaken by me is based on the proper understanding of the type of audience I am addressing. Analysis The understanding of the type of receiver, and the manner in which I will express myself will be helping me in understanding the various types of context that might be applicable for undertaking a proper communication. The one way process of communication that was undertaken by me has affected the communication where I wanted to make the teachers aware of the issues I am facing in the subject. On the other hand, as I charged them openly accusing them of interrupting the message I am going to deliver gained a negative impression and they started disregarding whatever I communicated. The incident has helped in the understanding of the most effective manner of providing feedback to the receiver and taking their questions on the topic that I am discussing. It has helped in the understanding of the various aspects of the communication and the flaws in the practices that are being undertaken by me. The proper determination of the needs of the clarity of the message helps the sender of the message in understanding the tone and the clarity that is required to be adhered for making the message more viable for the receiver. Therefore, in order to make the arguments and the lessons more viable to the audience I must not pretend to be strict in my tone as that would discourage them to come up to me with their issues. The identification of the flaws in the communication practices is supported through the proper understanding of the various aspects of the change that I am required to undertake. Action plan The investigation of the issues that are being faced by the audience while I communicate and the one to one communication with the audience helps in the reduction of the issues. According to Singhal and Rogers (2012), the proper understanding of the needs and the requirements of the audience is necessary for the undertaking of efficient communication. The incident has helped in understanding the flaws in my communicational abilities which is to be resolved through the proper understanding of the different challenges faced by the audience. I have taken steps for adhering to the Enrichment Triad Model for bringing in the required change in the communicative abilities in order to facilitate a proper interaction with my students. Interaction helps in the understanding of the issues that are being faced by the audience while interpreting the message and thereby resolving them. The model has helped in the understanding of the training needs of the individuals to deal with the issues faced by the audience and to ensure the growth of the same. On the other hand, the communicational needs of the trainer or the trainee are determined through the application of the model. The mediating role of communication is based on the tempo, the tone and the message itself. The incident has helped me in understanding the different factors that are influencing the communication. On the other hand, the proper understanding of the different factors that are involved in the communication helps in ensuring the proper understanding of the needs of the audience. Therefore, in order to undertake proper interaction in order to establish my arguments on strong grounds, I am required to understand the issues faced by them and thereby resolve them in a one to one basis. The open conversation with the audience might make them feel embarrassed. The proper understanding of the model of communication by Schramm helps in the better understanding of the media and the roles of encoding and decoding the message. The decoding of the message is based on the perceptions of the receiver and the clarity of the message. In this connection, the emotional involvement of the audience is the major consideration that must be undertaken by me for understanding their priorities. It is specifically based on the human psychology and the manner in which every individual interprets the message according to his or her individual perceptions. The proper understanding of the needs of the audience is being undertaken through the ly interactions and not the harsh reactions. Conclusion Therefore, through the incident I have realized that improvement in communication will help in enhancing the arguments that are being undertaken by me. Proper interaction with the audience will also help me in communicating the issues that are faced by me and thereby resolve the same. On the other hand, supporting the arguments with logic and reasoning will make the receiver think over the message and make attempts for understanding the same. The pretention of being someone might affect the communication that is being undertaken by me. In order to understand and thereby address the requirements of the audience, proper communication strategies are to be maintained. On the other hand, the understanding of the Triad model will help in enhancing and enriching the qualities of communication. The major aspect of the change that is being undertaken is based on the understanding of the requirements of the students. On the other hand, the determination of the communication model by Schramm he lps in the proper understanding the constrains to undertake the proper communication. Thereby, the incident has helped me in the understanding of the flaws in my communication techniques and the manner in which I can purge the flaws in order to make the communication effective. References Hughes, J. N. (2012). Teacherstudent relationships and school adjustment: Progress and remaining challenges.Attachment Human Development,14(3), 319-327. McQuail, D., Windahl, S. (2015).Communication models for the study of mass communications. Routledge. Sarkar, S. (2012). The role of information and communication technology (ICT) in higher education for the 21st century.Science,1(1), 30-41. Singhal, A., Rogers, E. (2012).Entertainment-education: A communication strategy for social change. Routledge.

Pragmatism and Keynesian Theory

Introduction Pragmatism is a type of philosophical tradition which was first developed in the United States during the early 1870s. It is centered to link theory and practice. It reflects a situation in which theory is hauled out from practice, to be applied back and thereby forming what is known as intelligent practice (Dye, 2010). Pragmatism has continually been applied by various individuals including entrepreneurs.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Pragmatism and Keynesian Theory specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More How Entrepreneurial Policy Makers Incorporate Pragmatism Practices in Public Policy Research Different entrepreneurs have made research and realized that, employee voice is less effective in any employment relationship. This is due to the fact that there are changes in nature of work, preferences of employer for flexibility which normally work to the disadvantage of the employees and finally th e changes in institutional systems and policies which have failed to offer worker’s protection. Entrepreneurs have therefore found it important to apply pragmatism in public policy research so as to come up with a concrete and wholesome entrepreneurial policy that will protect both the workers and the employer. Policies have thus been made with attention to issues of authority, ensuring equity for all entrepreneurs and ensuring fairness through building of partnerships (Poul, 2011). How Pragmatism Practices Have Changed In the Last Twenty Years Due to the changes in employment relationship in the last twenty years, so does pragmatism. Work increasingly has become globalized with increase in education returns and competition between those with low levels and those with high levels of education. Pragmatism practices have also changed to cater for this by being; rigid to discourage negotiations by employees, increment of wages for various occupations. There has also been an incr ease in employment creation so as to maintain value for markets, private security expansion and slight increase in rights for the workers. Pros and Cons Associated With Keynesian Theory Keynesian theory is very helpful in times of recession; for example, the stimulus spending which is aimed at improving some aspects like employment for example, giving businesses a lot of money so that they can hire more workers and in turn pay them, this will help in ensuring money circulation. However, looking at it in great depth, one realizes few of its pitfalls. First, it is very difficult to convince people not to save.Advertising Looking for research paper on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Excessive saving has been one of the key causes of economic recession (Alistair Smith, 2007). This can only be eradicated if prices of commodities go up, individuals will then be forced to use their reserves so as to cater for the increme nt, and it makes the situation even tougher. Excessive spending by the government may also have long term negative effects. The government may become broke and thus forced to raise taxes in order to raise revenues, this works to the disadvantage of the citizens. How Policy Makers Can Improve Upon the Theory Policy makers must understand the impacts of increased spending, debt incurring and lowering of taxes. If there are no good policies in place to regulate the economies spending, the process will continue recurring and the problem will not have been solved. Policy makers should therefore come up with standardized amount of money to be released in circulation so as to avoid economic recession. There should also be strong measures in place to maintain the currency value over a long period of time. There should be enough money set aside for economic stimulus program aimed at boosting employment. Policies should also be made which limit government interference to the market. The marke t will run at its optimum without any form of interference. References Alistair, H. Smith, J. (2007). Transformations of Policing. Boston: Ashgate Publishers, Dye, T.R. (2010). Understanding Public Policy. Oxford: Pearson Prentice Hall. Poul, D. (2011). Post Keynesian Macroeconomic Theory. New York, NY: Edward Elgar Publishers.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Pragmatism and Keynesian Theory specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This research paper on Pragmatism and Keynesian Theory was written and submitted by user Jorge Winters to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

colossus essays

colossus essays When most people think of the seven wonders of the ancient world, they usually think of pyramids. Some of them know that the Colossus of Rhodes is simply put, amazing. Some people believe that it was a small statuette to a Dorian King, but evidence proves that it was an enormous statue. Memoirs, journals, and diaries tell wonderful stories about the Colossus, and are pretty much all the same. Some exaggerations on its thick layers of gold were not true, but the Colossus was composed heavily of copper, steel, iron, and an outside coating of marble. Some say that it was as tall as the sky, but that was one of the many exaggerations. However, it was approximately 140 feet tall, which is equivalent to a modern day fourteen-story building. I dont know about you, but a statue that tall without the modern day technology that we have today blows my mind. Many also believe that it straddled the harbor the entrance of the Mediterranean island of Greece. That is a false statement. It was on one side of the harbor. (Thompson 98) The Colossus of Rhodes was built by the Dorians to praise their sun god. When a peace treaty was ordered between the Dorians and the Arabs, the statue began its long awaited construction. No one really knows how long it took to complete this statue, but they do know how and when the Colossus of Rhodes fell from its feet. (McGuire 82) When an earthquake rumbled all throughout the country the amazing statue broke in 226 B.C. on its weakest point, his knees. The statue stood high, according to record, for 26 years from the peace treaty up until the day of the earthquake. (Weimer 222) You might ask yourself why it wasnt reconstructed. For one, a lot of the pieces of marble, steel, and iron fell to the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea, so a lot of the pieces were missing. They also lost everyone who help build it because of the short human lifespan of the ancient times. ...

About Charles Garnier, the Designer of the Paris Opera

About Charles Garnier, the Designer of the Paris Opera Inspired by Roman pageantry, architect Charles Garnier (born November 6, 1825 in Paris, France) wanted his buildings to have drama and spectacle. His design for the magnificent Paris Opà ©ra on the Place de lOpà ©ra in Paris combined the classicism of Renaissance architecture with ornate Beaux Arts ideas. Jean Louis Charles Garnier was born into a working class family. He was expected to become a wheelwright like his father. However Garnier wasnt healthy and his mother didnt want him to work in a forge. So, the boy took mathematics courses at the École Gratuite de Dessin. His mother hoped he would get good, steady work as a surveyor, but Charles Garnier achieved much greater success. In 1842 Garnier began studies with Louis-Hippolyte Lebas at the École Royale des Beaux-Arts de Paris. In 1848 he won the Premier Grand Prix de Rome and was off to Italy to study at the Academy in Rome. Garnier spent five years in Rome, traveling throughout Greece and Turkey, and being inspired by Roman pageantry.   Still in his 20s, Garnier aspired to design buildings that had the drama of a pageant. The highlight Charles Garniers career was his commission to design the Opà ©ra in Paris. Built between  1857 and 1874,   the Paris Opera quickly became Garniers masterpiece. With its magnificent hall and grand staircase, the design combines opulence for its patrons with remarkable acoustics for the performers. The palatial Opera House has become known as Palais Garnier.   Garniers opulent style reflected the fashion that became popular during Napoleon IIIs Second Empire. Garniers other architecture includes the Casino at Monte Carlo in Monaco, another opulent complex for the wealthy elite, and the Italian villas Bischoffsheim and Garnier in Bordighera. Several other buildings in Paris, including the Panorama Marigny theatre and Hotel du Cercle de la Librairie, cannot compare with his grand masterpieces. The architect died in Paris on August 3, 1898. Why is Garnier Important? Many people might say that Garniers importance is his creation of a house for The Phantom of the Opera. Professor Talbot Hamlin suggests otherwise, pointing out that despite the oversumptuous detail of the Opà ©ra in Paris, the architectural style was imitated for decades because there is a magnificent clarity in the general appearance, both outside and in. Hamlin notes that Garnier conceived the Opà ©ra in Paris in three parts- the stage, the auditorium, and the vestibules. Each of these three units was then developed with the greatest richness possible, but always in such a way as to accent its relationship to the other two. It is this logic as the supreme quality that was being taught at École des Beaux-Arts and perfectly executed by Garnier. A buildings logic, the basic relationships in buildings, was founded on common sense, directness, emphasis of the most important elements, and expression of purpose. This insistence on open and logical planning and on the clarity of basic expression was vitally necessary to the solution of new architectural problems, writes Professor Hamlin. Architecture became a matter of disciplined study of plan relationships. Learn More: Charles Garniers Paris Opera: Architectural Empathy and the Renaissance of French Classicism by Christopher Mead, MIT Press, 1991Charles Garniers Opà ©ra: Architecture and Exterior Decor by Gà ©rard Fontaine, 2000Charles Garniers Opera: Architecture and Interior Decor by Gà ©rard Fontaine, 2004Paris Opera House: Scale Architectural Paper Model by Jean-William Hanoteau, 1987 Source: Architecture through the Ages by Talbot Hamlin, Putnam, Revised 1953, pp. 599-600

Sex In Our Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Sex In Our Society - Essay Example 113). I agree with Joyce Garity that some of the adverts in teen fashion magazines are to blame for deteriorating morals in the society. The adverts are too suggestive that they end up brain washing the innocent children. An advertisement of Liz Claiborne fragrances showing a couple sprawled on their bed is a perfect example. After seeing this, the teenagers start fantasizing and would be tempted to think that their life is not complete if they are not practising the same. They end up trying this, and before they know it, the worst has happened and the consequences are with them. In addition, it is absurd to feature a naked girl in a teen magazine in the name of advertising cologne. Though the company sales will go up, it is not worth the harm it is causing the society. Above buying the cologne, the teenagers may be tempted to pose naked like the girl in the advert. In their minds, they are out to be famous among their peers. However, they may end up engaging in sexual activities that would ruin their young lives (Soble, 2008, P. 96). As Joyce Garity states, any teenager would be excited to see a young couple display affection publicly. In an advert, a young girl is laying on a luxurious bed in a dimly light room with her lover making her nails. If a suggestive picture like this has to appear in a magazine, it should not be a teenage magazine. Teenagers’ minds are easily washed away by anything they lay their eyes on. Within no time, they will go out experimenting on things that may ruin their lives. Teenagers’ world is full of sexual spontaneity and playfulness. They will take less or no time thinking about a responsible life. Instead, they admire musicians, actors, rock stars and other celebrities whose lives are full of sexual drama. These are their role models, and their talk is about which musician has slept with many women. The young adults rush to the

What is the Quran about according to Fazlur Rahmans book Major Themes Essay

What is the Quran about according to Fazlur Rahmans book Major Themes of the Quran - Essay Example This paper presents the major Qur’anic themes as Rahman presents theme as they are organized in chapter order. Rahman synthesizes the major themes logically rather than chronologically and the Quran has been allowed to speak for itself and interpretation has been used only as necessary for joining together ideas. In this classical work, Rahman unveils the Qur’an’s focuses on issues of God, society, revelation, and prophesy in such admirably logical manner (Rahman 6). In other words, Qur’an, which is referred to as the last, revealed Word of God the Book talks about God, His relationship with a man, man-to-man relationship and man relationship with nature. According to Rahman, the Qur’an must always be read with the spirit of wholeness and a sincere attempt to seek pure guidance (Rahman, 5). Additionally, the Holy Book is regarded as a complete code of life taking into account that Islam is but a complete way of human life and so Qur’an is its source of guidance on the mundane lives. Moreover, Rahman explains that the Qur’an’s teachings are no t restricted to a particular nation or a specific era but for the global community. The Book provides comprehensive piece of legalization in addition to the moral principles as a way of ensuring cordial human relationship with one another. It also explains the afterlife concept of Eschatology, Satan, and Evil. The Book is organized based primarily on the major themes. The theme of God opens the first chapter of Rahman’s book discussing the necessity of God, His Unity and its implications. According to him, the Qur’an is a document aimed at man and so it is no treatise about God and His nature. However, the elaboration about God’s existence is strictly functional, in the sense that God is the Creator and Sustainer of the Universe (Rahman 1). Additionally, God judges man either individually or collectively and He metes out to him merciful

Martin Luther and the Protestant Reformation Essay Example for Free

Martin Luther and the Protestant Reformation Essay Martin Luther is credited for starting the Protestant Reformation by declaring the corruption he saw in the Roman Catholic Church. By standing firm in his faith and openly going against the church, hes able to get the people thinking for themselves and discovering the truth of their leaders and religion. Martin Luther was born November 10, 1483 in Eislenben, Germany, to copper miner Hans and peasant Margaretha Luder. Living in poverty, his father is set on Luther becoming a lawyer for higher income and family honor. In 1501, he enrolled at Master of Arts in Erford, and received his Bachelors degree in 1502 and Masters in 1505. He then enrolled to the law school. In 1505, hes caught in a thunderstorm and asks God for deliverance. Since he lived through the fright, he then devotes himself to God, dropping out of law school and joining the monastery, although against his fathers orders. While searching for personal salvation, Luther took his spiritual growth very seriously and often times punished himself. He spent most hours praying and confessing. Through this, he began to notice his frequent and awful sins. He was told to follow after academics which he then taught theology at the University of Wittenberg. On October 18, 1512, he is given a Doctorate in Theology. In 1513, he studied Psalm 22 and gained enlightenment. He realized, as Paul said, The just will live by faith, and that salvation comes with solely faith and not religious works or practices. Luthers knowledge of the Scriptures and his analytical mind caused him to see the power-hungry church leaders corruption. A major issue Luther saw was the selling of indulgences which were ways to get people of the church to pay for prayers and salvation. The Roman Catholic Church used these indulgences to put fear into their followers and money into their own pockets. Along with that complaint and others, Martin Luther nailed the 95 Theses to the church door on October 31, 1517. Within two weeks, the news of his rebellion spread through Germany and throughout Europe in two months. The Johannes Gutenberg Printing Press played a vital role in this expansion. Within days, many copies of the news was made and sent out. This gave the people of the church and of the nations concrete evidence of their leaders  corruption. Soon, the fear of the people faded and so did the churchs power. In 1520, Luther is threatened with excommunication from the church. In January of 1520 he is excommunicated and named as a heretic. In April of 1521, the Diet of Worms met and Luther is questioned about his act. He is told to recant but he refuses to do so unless the Scriptures would have him do otherwise. In 1522, Luther translates the New Testament to German where again, the printing press made it available to society. He also formed his own church, Lutheranism, and teaches his practices and gains followers. On June 13, 1525, he married former nun Katharina von Bora and went on to have six children together. As time goes on, he gains many health problems and dies at the age of 62 on February 18, 1546. Through personal enlightenment and rebellion, Martin Luther started the transformation of the Christian church and many of its practices today. By refusing the deception of the church, he leads a revolt against the church and sets the example of strong, unshakable faith. Luthers impact on religion didnt stop in the 1500s, and is still standing firm and modeling the religion of society now.

John Calhoun :: essays research papers

A boy of Scotch-Irish descent, whose ancestors had settled in Pennsylvania before travelling through mountains to resettle in southern territory, he was born in 1782 in the Abbeville district of South Carolina on March 18. His family was not rich, nor were they poor; they owned slaves and were regarded not as a part of the ostentation associated with slave-holding at the time but rather as a simple, farm family. His father had an interest in politics and participated locally, something that ultimately catapulted this boy into his future profession. Sent at the age of 12 to live with a Presbyterian minister for a basic education, he was eventually trained at Yale beginning his junior year and graduated with "distinction," a prerequisite to the next few years in which he would study law in Charlestown. In 1807 he became a certified lawyer and began practice in his home district of Abbeville. Thereafter, he entered politics: 1808, 1809 he was a member of the S.C. legislature; 1811 to 1817 he was a House Representative of his state. In 1811, the year he began in Congress, he married a rich cousin whose assets included vast plantations and large populations of black slaves. This marriage marked his entrance into the Charlestown southern elite, a position that would act to catalyst his pro-slavery sentiments for which he is now renown. Amicable relations developed between this person, and Clay when he entered Congress; Clay placed him on his foreign affairs committee because, like Clay, he advocated war with England. The two are considered the most powerful members of Congress who pushed these measures toward war at this time; the House eventually accepted their arguments. As a politician, he advocated protection of American markets when European competition was at its best, internal improvements, though he strongly opposed nationalism and would later champion both the rise of sectionalism and slavery. In 1817, he was appointed Secretary of War to Monroe; in 1824 and again in 1828, he was the vice-president of the U.S, but in 1832 resigned over a controversy concerning nullification. He switched gears, and gained a seat in the Senate where he was a constant advocate of "State’s Rights" to slave-holding southern states that banked on the perpetuation of their tradition. He attempted to gain the presidency at least three times, each ending in defeat and a mysterious "Slavery is, instead of an evil, a good, a positive good," he said.

American Government Assignment

The United States, once chauvinist in its beliefs may see the dawn of a new era on 2008 – two female presidential candidates battling it out for the position of Commander in Chief.   Condoleezza Rice and Hillary Clinton are considered two likely candidates for the 2008 Presidential Election.The country calls for total equality between men and women, however this equal treatment has never crossed over into such a position of power.Besides the biological differences between men and women, it is said that the style of leadership displays some differences as well.   According to Maryann Kimoto, reporter for the USCD Guardian, â€Å"One study of the religious leadership style of female pastors noted that women were more likely to base decisions on the aggregated advice of a group, while men tended to see themselves or their higher-ups as the authoritative voice.†(Kimoto, 2005, p. 1)   Based upon this data, it would seem that a female president would be more likely to t ake into account the opinions of others, rather than making decisions based upon selfish judgment.In a poll commissioned by Hearst Newspaper, the overall results state that the United States is ready for a female to assume the office of President – 64% of the people polled supported this belief.   (Fulcher, 2006, n.a.)   According to this poll 53% of people polled in 2005 believed that Senator Hillary Clinton should run for President in 2008 and when asked again in 2006 the percentage supporting Clinton held strong, only dropping 2%.The poll also stated that there is a growing support for Condoleezza Rice; therefore, proving that yet another female candidate could become a contender. (Fulcher, 2006, n.a.)  Ã‚   Over all, the poll suggested that 64% of those polled believed that the United States is ready for a female Commander in Chief.Personally, I feel that the United States is ready for drastic change and when taking into account the results of the recent elections t he voting public proved such, as the Democrats regained control of the House.Polls are suggesting that the chauvinistic attitude once rampant in the United Stats has softened, approximately 64% of those polled, as stated above.   Though I believe the country is ready for the female leader the candidates will face the remaining 36% against such a change.Our society is changing drastically.   For example, a society once dead against allowing gays to legally wed, is softening in the more liberal states.  Ã‚   The public opinion has changed and the country is ready for drastic change; therefore, I believe that the United States can handle a female President.   

Male Identity and Greek Mythology’s Hercules in Films Essay

Famed for his mighty muscles, Hercules was the son of the mortal woman Alcmene and the god Zeus. Hercules performed many legendary feats of strength, the first of which came as an infant: when Zeus’s wife Hera placed two serpents in his crib, Hercules quickly strangled them. After he had grown to manhood Hera got revenge by driving Hercules briefly mad, causing him to slay his own wife and children. As penance Hercules performed his famous 12 labors (or tasks), which included killing the Hydra, capturing Cerberus the dog, and cleaning the stables of Augeas. Hercules appears in many ancient Greek stories and is one of mythology’s best-known heroes. Mythologies are fantasies that have the power to endure in people’s minds and culture through time. For this, mythological stories and characters have been part of substantial themes of films in the history of filmmaking. They have a significant place in the world of filmmaking because mythological stories and characters have the ample amount of mystery and magic that has the ability to capture the audience’s attention and imagination. Storylines may differ or be similar to the myths itself but the essence of the mythological character exudes. One such masculine and mythological character is the half-man half-god Greek hero, Hercules. This mythological character with extraordinary physical strength has been featured and appeared in numerous films in the big screen and television. With the different depictions of Hercules, this paper then is an assessment on how he was portrayed and presented in films. The materials considered for this study were Disney’s animated film â€Å"Hercules† released on 1997 and Roger Young’s miniseries entitled â€Å"Hercules. Half Man. Half God. All Power. † released on 2004 by the Hallmark Channel. Hercules on Disney’s Animated Film According to the Big Cartoon Database (n. d. ) â€Å"Hercules† was a â€Å"Disney update on classic mythology†, an animated film about his journey towards finding a place where he belonged. Here, Hercules, the son of Greek gods Zeus and Hera was born god-like strength in Olympus, the home of the gods. When Hades, the God of the Underworld, learns that his plan of domination in the future will be affected because of Hercules’ existence, he summons his two followers, Pain and Panic, de-immortalize the child Hercules and kill him in the mortal world. Pain and Panic, failed in their mission and only succeeds in making Hercules mortal. No mortal beings are allowed to dwell in Olympus, which leaves Hercules in the care of Alcmene and Amphitryon, the childless mortal couple who found him on the bushes. Hercules later grows into a misfit adolescent because of his extraordinary strength that always gets him in the center of chaos. His adoptive parents later tells him of his past and a medal found with him that is a link to Zeus, his father. Hercules then journeys to the temple of the gods. Zeus appears and confirms Hercules thoughts. Zeus tells him that the only way that Hercules can enter Olympus again is that if he becomes an earthly hero to gain his godliness. The adolescent Hercules then goes on a pursuit of a hero status with the help and instructions from the satyr, Philoctetes. He achieves the hero status later in adulthood but is perplexed because he still is not a god. When Hades learns that Hercules still lives, he orders his soul-bound follower Megara to deceive Hercules. Hades tries to block his path to being a God with calamities and creatures like the multi-headed, Hydra. Hercules becomes a God when he sacrifices himself for Megara. The animated film ends with Hercules choosing to stay in the mortal world to be with Megara. The most obvious difference of the animated film from the original Greek myth of Hercules is that the dreadful factors of his origins were revised and some components of modern day popular culture were utilized. According to Royalty. nu (n. d. ), Hercules was born to Alcmene, wife of Amphityron, but fathered by the Greek God Zeus. Zeus deceived Alcmene into thinking that he was Amphitryon on a night when the real Amphitryon was away. Hera, Zeus’ wife loathed Hercules and tried several times to try and kill Hercules, much unlike in the animated film, where Hera as Hercules’ mother doted on him. The animated film focused on Hercules’ early life; the famous ten labors of Hercules and the other half of his life was not included. The circumstances of the Greek myth characters like Megara, Zeus, Hera, Aphitryon, Alcmene and the rest included in the film were greatly modified to fit the storyline of the animated film. Apart from that Hercules’ twin brother, Iphicles was excluded in the storyline. Greek mythology portrays Hercules as a character with â€Å"low intelligence and terrible temper†(Royalty. nu, n. d. ). Although there was much difference from the original Greek myth, Hercules’ character as half-man half-god hero with weaknesses was still portrayed. Hercules’ character in the animated film was a bit naive but he was not quick to loose his temper. Audiences were also given a taste of Hercules’ famous battles with calamities and creatures. Hercules on Roger Young’s Miniseries According to FilmAffinity (n. d. ), this Hercules miniseries is about â€Å"the gifted child born of a blood greater than mortal who would become the most powerful of all gods†. Roger Young’s miniseries starts with how Hercules was conceived. Similar to the Greek myth, the dissolute God Zeus deludes the Princess of Thebes, Alcmene, into thinking that he is the princess’ husband, Amphitryon, and then forces himself on Alcmene on a night where the princess was awaiting her husband’s return. When Alcmene gives birth to twin boys, Hercules and Iphicles, Alcmene and Amphitryon are perplexed on which baby is fathered by Zeus and whose is Amphitryon. They later realize that Hercules is Zeus’ son when he kills the snakes with his bare hands an infant. Hercules develops into a lumbering young man, â€Å"rejected by his mother, envied by his brother Iphicles and loathed by Zeus’ wife Hera† (FilmAffinity). Similar to the Greek myth while Alcmene reserves no love for Hercules, he grows up with Amphitryon doting on him and teaching him. Hercules then falls for Megara but was rejected. Their brief connection results to a child. When he lost his temper and accidentally hurt his teacher Linus during a class, Amphitryon sends far away to be taught under the care and instruction of a centaur, Kiron. Hercules becomes an agile adult and more capable to handle his great strength. He then was married to Megara after he helps the king from the creature Hydra. Megara and her sons, turn out to be â€Å"tools of the vengeful Hera, plotting against him and initiating events that lead to his banishment from his people† (FilmAffinity). To atone the punishment that he deserved in killing his own children, Hercules agrees when he was given difficult challenges which were set out to destroy him. With his ally Linus, he travels the Stymphalian Swams to the River styx of the underworld, faced with challenges and monstrous creatures that was arranged to kill him. Hercules willingly continues on this journey that afterward made him a â€Å"legend on Earth and achieve immortality in the heavens† (FilmAffinity). With the storyline of the miniseries, it was clear that the filmmakers focused on the raging politics between the noble mortals and their want of power and control. It is important to note that this miniseries was one of the few productions that embarked on Hercules true conception with regards to the original Greek myth. Hercules’ character of recklessness and short temper was portrayed true to the original Greek myth during his younger adult days. There were slight alterations unto how certain events happened to the characters but the miniseries was in a way loyal to the Hercules’ myth. For example, Hercules develops a more profound thinking later on the miniseries but there was no hint of that according to the Greek Myth. The Gods Hera and Zeus were not given much attention during the miniseries and only appeared briefly. The supposed raging battle between Hera and Zeus was implied but not shown comprehensively. Conclusion In conclusion, both films were individual depictions of Hercules’ character as the legendary Greek hero. He is a paragon of action and masculinity, and thus embodies characteristics such as great strength, great courage, and great appetites, including erotic adventures with both women and boys or young men. These qualities did not prevent him from being regarded as a playful figure that used games to relax from his labors and played a great deal with children. Aelian, while he was a champion and a great warrior, he was not above cheating and using any unfair trick to his advantage. However, he was renowned as having â€Å"made the world safe for mankind† by destroying many dangerous monsters, and he was also held up as an example for never having attacked first, but for having conquered all merely by defending himself when attacked, and protecting the helpless and distraught. His self-sacrifice obtained him the ascent to the Olympian realms and he was welcomed by the gods. He represents a balanced, complete energetic principle of the masculine, partaking of both light and dark influences. Historically, the strong American presence in post-war Italy is evident in the very physical presence of Steve Reeves as Hercules. Moreover, the film’s masculinization of revenge also seems to reflect the ideals of post-war society. Instead, as the character of Hercules suggests, it is more important for the wandering male, and also the foreign influence, to be incorporated into the domestic sphere. Hercules preserves the morality at the centre of the family. Paradoxically, however the interference of Hercules also ensures continued dependence on foreign influence and protection. Each film represented the filmmakers approach on representing a storyline associated with Hercules’ myth. Disney may have chosen to emphasize more on Hercules’ journey to his fate in a more conducive way that was appealing since their audiences are young people. Roger Young’s miniseries took more of a similar likeness to the original myth although alterations were made on how events were played because the storyline demanded that it be so. Works Cited FilmAffinity. Hercules (TV). FilmAffinity – MovieAffinity. Retrieved November 2, 2006 from http://www. filmaffinity. com/en/film260353. html The Big Cartoon Database. Hercules Story Details. The Big Cartoon Database. Retrieved November 2, 2006 from http://www. bcdb. com/cartoon_synopsis/6-Hercules. html Royalty. nu. Hercules, Young Hercules. The Gordon Knot Webring. Retrieved November 2, 2006 from http://www. royalty. nu/legends/Hercules. html

Healthcare Policy Essays

Healthcare Policy Essays Healthcare Policy Paper Healthcare Policy Paper Essay Topic: The Healers Social justice is a concept of fairness, whose aim it is to expose and bring to end social inequalities. The argument is that all social primary goods should be distributed equally, if there is unequal distribution then it should favor those who are least advantaged. The utilitarian view supports the principle of the greatest good for the greatest number. Classic utilitarianism was a social reform movement whose goal was to improve the living conditions of the less privileged in the hope of creating a civilized society where both concern for oneself and the common good could occur (Almgren, 2006). According to utilitarianism, utility is an intrinsic good and actions are judged as right or wrong depending on how much happiness or pleasure they can produce. In his book, Rawls shifts the utilitarian focus from a concern for good to a concern for right. In affirming that ‘right’ had a great priority than ‘good’, Rawls then asked, ‘what is the most basic civil right?’ the principles of justice that we put across were the liberty principle and social and economic principles. Examples of basic liberties include political liberty, freedom of thought, liberty of conscience, right to own personal property among others (Almgren, 2006). The second principle of social and economic equalities states that these equalities should be arranged to ensure that all offices and opportunity. Fair equality does not mean merely that positions should be open on merit; rather that everyone is presented with the opportunity to acquire the skills of the position. The US healthcare policy presently does not have a prevailing basic for social justice; instead many principles of distributive justice are used: for people over 65 and younger people with certain medical conditions, healthcare is a right of citizenship. For the young working class American, healthcare is a right of employment, of having private insurance and in some cases both. Middle-class Americans find themselves in a situation where they have to pay for the care of the elderly and also for their own care and that of their children. In social justice principle justified norms can be established in various ways and these are the principle of distributive justice. Among these are egalitarianism where every person receives equal benefits and burdens, merit-seniority where persons are rewarded according to the length of time they have held a job. Socialist where people are given burden according to abilities and benefits based on needs. The libertarian’s principle states that benefits are obtained as others give them voluntarily and as the individual creates them for themselves, through labor with material that they own rightfully. Socialist healthcare would be provided in a social government where being a citizen, entitles the individual to basic coessential services like education, income and healthcare. If the United States had a national coverage in effect it would be socialist healthcare. The current system only has features of this in those over 65 years. The basic principle in the social justice, theory is impartiality that is that every one’s life is important and equally so. The has been applied to healthcare so that basic treatment includes treating conditions which hinder ones functioning, affect one’s well-being and cause suffering. Awarding young working classing Americans insurance cover based on distribution principle of merit-effort or merit-output where persons are rewarded according to their work effort and quantity and quality of work. Evolution of healthcare policy During the preindustrial times medicine was more domestic than professional, medical practitioners were more of traders, there was no health insurance, private or public. Medical training was inexistent and most hospital offered services for free, the quality of services was poor so most people hardly went to hospitals. People relied on faith healers, medicines sales people and a few physicians. As the 19th century began most Americans began to view healthcare as a science and physicians became more dominant. Before World War I government involvement in healthcare was kept at a minimum and was limited to public health and health issues in time of war and treaties. The federal government began to get involved in healthcare for two reasons, one was to meet healthcare policy goals and the other more important at the time was to enable framing and reframing of political philosophy that would outline the roles and boundaries of federal role. Among the first acts of involvement was the legislation that taxed wages of seamen to aid establishment of the US Marine Hospital Service. Other Acts followed namely the National Quarantine Act, War Risk Insurance Act that availed medical benefits to war veterans and the Vocational Rehabilitation Act and the World War Veteran Act. (Almgren, 2006). At this time government involvement was aimed more at promoting industry and productivity than at the welfare of workers The major policy goals after World War II involved investment in healthcare infrastructure by granting hospitals tax exemption, training health professionals with government grants and financing medical research among others. Between 1965 and 1975 healthcare was expanded to increase accessibility by the poor, disabled and elderly through Medicare and Medicaid. This shows inclusion of the concept of social justice. From 1975 the focus has been on cost containment of healthcare. The inflation of healthcare currently makes it difficult even for the middle class to access healthcare. Then increasing cost of healthcare has been contributed to by advances in medical technology. This have increased knowledge and led to specialization causing people to live longer and a need for staff training, requirement of new facilities the cost of which have to be shouldered by the consumer. This leads to disparities in the provision of health. Due to the finite nature of resources in the health sector it has been difficult to apply an egalitarian system in meeting the needs of the public hence as indicated by the history of US healthcare most of the policies have been for the greater good rather than to meet needs of individual citizens equally. This is likely to be the trend and it should be so.

The South China Sea A Historical Overview

The South China Sea A Historical Overview The sea is dotted with hundreds of small islands, atolls, and reefs, only a few of which are actually inhabitable and all of which lie outside the internationally-recognized 12 nautical miles territorial limit of the squabbling nations. Geopolitical disputes over the ownership of the South China Sea were a frequent topic of international news in 2012, and indications are that they will continue to be so for some time to come. Here is a brief primer on why this part of the world has become such a diplomatic hotspot. Where is the South China Sea? The South China Sea is a broad body of water lying between the coast of the Southeast Asian mainland and the island nations of the Philippines, Malaysia, and Indonesia. It is bordered on the north by Taiwan and the southern coast of China, on the west by Viet Nam, on the south by the Malay Peninsula and Borneo, and on the east by the Philippines. DOKDO ISLANDS ARE KOREAN PROPERTY As shown by this map, China claims virtually all of the South China Sea, which is the source of the sharp disputes it has had with other countries, primarily Viet Nam and the Philippines. The sea is dotted with hundreds of small islands, atolls, and reefs, only a few of which are actually inhabitable and all of which lie outside the internationally-recognized 12 nautical miles territorial limit of the squabbling nations. The claims of the Philippines, Viet Nam, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei Darussalam to parts of the South China Sea are based on geographical proximity, historical claims, and the 200 nautical mile limit to â€Å"Exclusive Economic Zones† provided for in the 1982 UN Convention on the Laws of the Sea (UNCLOS), which is not recognized by China. Do Any of the Countries Have a Legitimate Claim? Because there is very little physical land that can be occupied in the South China Sea, none of the countries involved has established a clear, indisputable sovereign claim. In 1947, shortly after the Communists came to power in China, the Chinese government published maps purportedly dating back to the 16th century showing the sea as part of Chinese territory and claimed the area had been used by Chinese fishermen and traders for more than 2,000 years. Viet Nam in particular disputed this, producing documents of their own showing the Paracel and Spratly Island groups as part of their territory as early as the 17th century. The claims of the Philippines to the Spratlys and the Scarborough Shoal, which lies about 150 kilometers west of the Philippines, are based on those areas lying closer to the Philippines than any of the other countries. Malaysia, Indonesia, and Brunei base their claims on the provisions of the UNCLOS accord. Why is the South China Sea Such â€Å"Hot Property†? The most important reason is natural gas and lots of it. Although the continuing disputes have prevented much exploration in the South China Sea, indications from the few surveys that have been done indicate it may contain reserves of up to 25 trillion cubic meters of natural gas, which if true would make the area the third- or fourth-largest concentration of gas in the world. In addition, the South China Sea is believed to hold oil reserves of up to 28 billion barrels, according to estimates by the US Energy Information Administration. The South China Sea is also a strategically important shipping region linking Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia and the Indian Ocean with China, Japan, and the rest of the Pacific Ocean; about a third of the world’s sea traffic is said to cross the South China Sea. The sea is also a rich fishing ground and supports most of the commercial fishing done by the Philippines, Viet Nam, China, and Malaysia. Key Events in the South China Sea The most serious clashes have occurred between China and Viet Nam, who have had naval battles over the Paracels and the Spratlys. In 1974, China launched an amphibious assault on the Paracel Islands then occupied by Viet Nam, seizing the island group after a short, violent fight that killed about 70 Vietnamese soldiers. In 1988, a naval engagement between Viet Nam and China in the Spratlys ended with several Vietnamese gunboats being destroyed, with a loss of about 60 sailors. More recently, an attempt by Philippine Coast Guard forces to arrest Chinese poachers in the Scarborough Shoal in 2012 led to a tense naval standoff that saw both nations send dozens of vessels to the area, and created a diplomatic crisis that has since settled down but has not been resolved. China also angered both Viet Nam and the Philippines in 2012 by redesigning its passports with an illustration of a map showing the South China Sea as part of its territory; as a result, both countries briefly refused to issue visa stamps to Chinese travelers carrying the new, offensive passports. Other small provocations are frequent occurrences. An unconfirmed report of Chinese interference with Vietnamese oil exploration vessels in 2011 led to massive anti-China demonstrations in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City; the Vietnamese for their part routinely conduct live-fire naval exercises in the South China Sea, drawing protests from the Chinese government. And in 2012, the Philippine government issued a directive renaming the South China Sea to the â€Å"West Philippine Sea,† further irritating China. Will the Disputes Be Ever Resolved? The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), which includes all the claimants to the South China Sea except China and Taiwan, has on several occasions attempted to develop a binding â€Å"code of conduct† for nations in the South China Sea, with little success. China for its part has consistently resisted moves to â€Å"internationalize† the dispute, preferring to negotiate on a bilateral basis with individual countries. Although some discussions have taken place, most recently between the Philippines and China over the Scarborough Shoal incident, none of the countries have been willing to relax their claims, suggesting the issue will be a source of tension for some time to come.

'the effects job satisfaction has on an organisation in regards to Essay

'the effects job satisfaction has on an organisation in regards to performance & productivity, turnover and absenteeism - Essay Example The satisfaction and dissatisfaction of employees affects the rate of turnover and absenteeism in an organisation. If an employee is not satisfied with the working environment, then he/she can quit the job, which increases the turnover rate. This affects operations of the organisation to a great extent that can even lead to suspension of the work. This study highlights job satisfaction on the turnover rate and absenteeism in an organisation It is observed, from the survey undertaken by CIPD, there is a positive correlation between job satisfaction and pay, promotion and rewards. Thus, it can be portrayed that performance management plays an important role in fulfilling the expectation of the employees. Pay and promotion is identified to be most significant aspects of job satisfaction since it motivates employees to work harder for the organisation. The aim and objective are very important for projects since these direct the whole content. After determination of project aim, objectives are set. The project frames few objectives that are examined in order to justify validity of initial project topic. Psychology plays an important role in various phases of human life. Higher importance is given to mental condition of individuals (employees) in organisations so as to enhance productivity. The human resource management of any organisation takes into consideration the mental well-being of their employees so that their productivity is not harmed. Arnold, et al. (1998 cited in Markos and Sridevi, 2010) has pointed out the two main reasons why job satisfaction has gained importance in the recent years. The first and foremost significant reason is that job satisfaction acts as an indicator of mental condition of a human. Thus, it helps in identifying whether a particular employee is happy or not in his/her workplace. Secondly, it is assumed that if employees are content with their work, then they are motivated to put in their full effort, thereby

Iphone Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Iphone - Essay Example With the latest iphone, they have a personal assistant assigned in the phone that can do functions of the phone with the user voice control. It is durable and has a great physical design which is the reason many are attracted to buy it. The unique design of this product makes it a unisex phone – it looks equally attractive with all. To top it off, apple provides all its amazing services in one product: the ipod music player, amazing camera, and a phone that can have applications customized according to your needs (Amit, 2007). One of the biggest disadvantages that the phone has is affordability. For majority of the population, buying the phone directly from Apple becomes a problem, but they can buy it from telecommunication companies on contracts for a lower amount. Another issue is Apple’s reluctance to introduce Flash in its system, barring the use of this amazing facility in the phone. It does not have a detachable battery that becomes an inconvenience sometimes to the user and no slot for expanding memory if

Online AP Classes Are Big Business Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Online AP Classes Are Big Business - Case Study Example A system that allows one not to pay attention to major courses is disadvantageous for educational purposes. The AP classes have increased failure rates in schools. Many students are taking the AP classes in High schools. At the same time, statistics indicate that there is a growing number of students who fail their exams in high school. Thus, it is an indication that the AP system does not target or maximize on the students rate of learning. The learning outcomes are rather weak preventing the students from getting the maximum knowledge intended (Fandl & Smith 2013). Students undertaking the AP classes are at a disadvantage when joining college. Joining college entails students achieving a certain criteria of minimum requirements. The AP students are at a disadvantage as majority of the students fail to pass the exams. Thus, they cannot match the students who attended normal classes. The AP classes tend to cover much content in class in a short time. The students fail to have a natural interaction with the instructors. The teachers cannot help develop each students according to their capabilities. The online classes are flexible and convenient. Online classes would be helpful for college students who have to keep their day job. It offers the student a chance to learn during free time. The free time could be during odd hours like late in the night. One could easily log in the schools website and access scholarly materials or submit an assignment. The online classes are pocket friendly. One could save on certain expenses such as transportation on a daily basis. It requires a computer and constant internet to take part in learning. There are colleges that would provide their students with free internet (Bourne & Moore 2004). Online classes would allow the students to take additional courses. The classes are flexible and accommodating requiring only a few hours of attendance. A student

What is the Impact of Carbon Dioxide Emissions?

What is the Impact of Carbon Dioxide Emissions? Alvena Nance Abstract Are we paying attention to the effects of carbon dioxide emissions and doing everything we can eliminate the negative effect it has on our overall air quality, our agriculture, and the environment? In the world the United States stands second to China among the ranks of other countries that utilizes carbon dioxide as the primary source of emissions. Energy Choices We count on the common forms of energy that are known as fossil fuels like coal, oil and natural gas, that when combined we breathe them. It is vital that this out pouring of energy or emission into our environment is processed and monitored with the greatest accuracy so it does not negatively affect us, our country, our climate, and our agriculture. In 2016 China with 28.21 percent and the United States with 15.99 percent were the largest producers of carbon dioxide emission worldwide. World carbon dioxide emissions are one way of measuring a countrys economic growth too. The latest figures published by the respected Energy Information Administration show CO2 emissions consumption the vast majority of carbon dioxide produced. On pure emissions alone, the key points are: China emits more than CO2 than the United States and Canada put together up by 171% since 2000 The United States has had declining CO2 for two years running, the last time the United States had declining CO2 for 3 years running was in the 1980s The United States is expected to decrease their carbon dioxide emissions by 46 percent by 2040. Looking at the two leading countries agriculture growth China is the leader in gross value of agriculture outpour is rice, wheat, potatoes, corn, peanuts, tea, millet, barley, apples, cotton, oilseed, pork and fish. The United States ranks high in wheat, corn, other grains, fruit, vegetable, cotton, beef, pork, poultry, poultry, dairy products, fish and forest products. The comparison between China and Americas materials and energy production and consumption in the early 2000s with those of today. China now produces, and consumes approximately 60% of the worlds cement and second to that on the planet is India. As far as cement goes, China produces thirty times more cement each year then America. Chinas cement industry is the significant contributor to global carbon dioxide emissions.ÂÂ   Interestingly that in a single decade China went from producing 20% of the worlds steel to producing half of it. The comparison with America is equally striking. Given that almost 7% of global carbon dioxide emissions come from iron and steel making, this has both obvious and important consequences. (Wilson,2017) The production of aluminum was ten time more for China than America. China produced 60 % more than America, however Americas production declined by 25%, while Chinas increased by nearly 400%. Electricity generation is important and China has total electricity capacity increased from 344 to 1,100 gigawatts between 2001 and 2011. While Chinas primary energy consumption increased by 150% in a single decade, Americas decreased by 4%. (Wilson,2017) Coal is used a lot by China, today it consumes half of the worlds coal about four billion tons. America however is now using much less, with a decline of 20% between 2002 and 2012. (Wilson,2017) Looking at carbon dioxide emissions Americas is 50% higher than those in China, and a decade later China produced almost twice that of America and now produces more than America and the European Union put together and likely a decade from now China will emit at least three times more carbon dioxide than America. (Wilson, 2017) According to this source (Wilson, 2017) forecasting is futile however an illustrative statistical comparison to put possible energy futures of both America and China in context. Climate change is a shared challenge. The EPA collaborates with Chinas Ministry of Science and Technology on research to better assess emissions and their impacts, improve mitigation practice and technologies, and enhance sustainability. Areas of shared research include emissions that impact air and climate, water sustainability, computational toxicology, soil remediation, and toxic air pollutants. Also participating in government -wide EPA initiatives with China, is the United States. (EPA and OITA, 2017) Culture and the expectations within cultures affect all business transactions and it is important that all involved understand one another. (Pitts et al).ÂÂ   The US standard of ethics may have the potential for conflict, therefore an understanding of knowledge, of culture ethics, set expectations, and guidelines will play a role in these countrys success in working together. In conclusion it is clear that understandings of the energies and how they are studied, processed and utilized are important because they affect every human being and space around the globe and should be treated as a safety issue to mankind and the environment in which we live.

Easing Our Childrens Fears :: essays research papers

Easing Our Children’s Fears   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Children today are faced with a more hostile world than the one in which their parents grew up. Because of this, today’s children are also experiencing greater fears and worries. The fears of abuse, violence, drugs, AIDS, and divorce are problems most adults didn’t even consider while growing, yet they are commonplace among kids today. Of those fears, the fear of AIDS is one of the few which can be reduced by efforts of parents and teachers. The most effective way to reduce the anxieties children may experience regarding AIDS is through education. The basis of most fears for children, is that of the unknown. It is the responsibility of parents and teachers alike to teach the facts about this terrible disease to our children, and through this, allay the fears our children may have regarding AIDS. By educating our children about the basics of this disease, how it is transmitted, and how to prevent exposure, we can clarify myths and facts, and send our children into the world with knowledge, and some control over their fears.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Teaching our children about the basics of the disease can help to reduce their fears. AIDS, or Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, is the final stage of a disease which causes an abnormal reduction in the body’s natural ability to fight disease and infection. Because of this, most people who contract AIDS will eventually die due to “AIDS related causes.'; This can occur in a period anywhere from 5-15 years after exposure to HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), the cause of AIDS. So far, no “cure'; for AIDS has been found, but current treatments have been found to postpone the onset of AIDS, and prolong life. With medication and some precautions, many patients lead normal lives for years after the discovery of HIV infection.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The education about the transmission of HIV will also help to reduce fears. Many myths abound about how HIV can be contracted, and this uncertainty of fact vs. fiction is a source of fear for many children. HIV is a blood-borne disease. This means that it can only be transmitted by exposure to blood of an infected person, or by several body fluids that contain blood products, such as semen, vaginal secretions, or breast milk. The virus must also have a way into the recipient, such as through a break in the skin, or through mucous membranes. Simply skin to skin contact with an infected person is not enough to cause an exposure, unless there is: a) a body fluid

My Toy Essay

1. What are the special days celebrated in your country? There are many special days celebrated in my country. Such as Tet holiday, beginning from January the first on the Lunar Calendar National holiday, Septemper the second Independence day, April 30th 2. Which is your favourite and why? I like Tet holiday the most because I can meet my cosins, relatives, friends who live far away. People get together to eat, drink, and entertain themselves . I also receive â€Å"lucky money† in red envelopes. Besides, I take part in many traditional customs with my family such as cooking sticky rice cake, playing tug of war, going to pagoda to wish good things for my family. And I can hang out with my friends and don’t worry about anything. 3. What do you think is the most important festival in your country? Tet holiday is the most important festival for Vietnamese people. It’s the start of a new year and the Vietnamese feel that having a good start is essential to having a good year.These are funny and happy days that people prepare and welcome the new year together. In addition, it is a wonderful occasion for Vietnamese families to reunite and remember their ancestors. 4. In what way do people celebrate the festival? Most people start to clean and decorate their houses from top to bottom a week or two before the Lunar New Year . It is a common belief that cleaning the house will get rid of bad fortunes associated with the old year. Some people paint their houses to start a new year with lucky things and decorate with festive items . Besides, people are also busy shopping to buy new clothes for themselves, and their children a month prior to the New Year. 5. Do people prepare any special food for the occasions? Food plays a major role in the Tet holiday. Some typical Tet’s foods are sweets, coconut jam, fruit candies, melon seeds, stew pork with eggs, and especially sticky rice cake. Tet meals are usually bigger and more delicious than our daily ones. 6. Which do people prefer to spend with family or with friends? Usually people prefer to spend time with their family because Tet holiday is the time for family and indeed the only time of the year when the whole family gather together 7. How did people celebrate the festival in the  past? In the past, one or two days before Tet, every family prepares and cooks Banh Chung around a warm fire. It is also the time for parents to tell their children folklore stories. Nowadays, families which live in villages still maitain making Banh Chung before New Years but the people in the city do not. They don’t have time and prefer to buy it. Besides, many families also light firecrackers and fireworks to celebrate, but now this custom has changed because it is illegal in our country. 8. How has the way been changed and why? Nowadays , firecrackers are illegal in our country. So this tradition has changed. Some people even prefer to take a holiday instead of going back to their parents’s home to spend Tet holiday. And, some rich of families, aren’t excited to buy clothes for the New Year because they buy their all year around. And, some traditional food such as sticky rice cakes are often bought as a department store in the supermaket, maket instead of being cook at home because they are quite busy with their work, even they have no time to clean and decorate their house.

The positive social effects and negative social and physical effects of alcohol

This essay will review both the positive social effects and negative social and physical effects of alcohol. The debate over alcohol consumption in communities around the world has existed as long as there has been alcohol to drink. Alcohol has improved social functions; community economics through tourism and business and in moderation can enhance many situations in society. Alcohol has been one of the main problems of today’s generation. By contrast if over indulged and abused the same product can also harm societies, families, communities and do physical harm.Do people have drinking problems? Does a person love drinking? How does it make a person feel; good, bad, hyperactive, happy or sad? Are people addicted to drinking? Do people think that drinking is good or bad and what are the benefits of it? Alcohol has played an important role in our lives. Many people and especially teenagers drink a lot. They go to parties with their friends just to drink. They do not know what ar e its benefits and causes they are just going to drink and that drinking makes them feel good and look unique in front of their friends.They drink alcohol as if they are smoking cigarettes. In this essay I shall explain what the positives and negatives points are and also explain how alcohol is affecting our lives and the society. â€Å"Alcohol has played an important role in religion and adulation. Alcohol is a product that has provided a variety of functions for people. Historically, alcoholic beverages have served as sources of needed nutrients and have been widely used for their medicinal, antiseptic, and analgesic properties.The role of such beverages as thirst quenchers is obvious and they play an important role in enhancing the enjoyment and quality of life (David J. n. d. )†. Alcohol can facilitate relaxation, provide pleasure, enjoyment and increase the pleasure of eating and drinking. Alcohol has proven to be beneficial in several society settings. While drinking al cohol many people find it bringing enjoyment especially when drinking and dancing. Alcohol brings enjoyment, relaxing moments, hyperactive, and drinkers sometimes feel a little less than in control while drinking.By comparison some of the negative effects caused by alcohol is a person inability to control the amount a person drinking after starting, a person may have little if no control over the quantity a person drink, no matter how much a person try to limit a themselves from drinking it won’t happen. When a person tries to stop drinking some symptoms may occur to that person’s body after repeated exposure, these may include: racing heart, sweating, lack of proper sleep, inability to drive, anxiety, nausea and more dangerous problems.A person can put a person themselves in dangerous situation when a person drinks a lot this situation such as drinking and driving. Some people develop a lack of social ethics while drinking that their friends find it hard to tolerant. A person may can blackout and have a very bad hangover when a person drink a lot. Hangovers can cause a person to stop working, not concentrate on what a person have and should do. Drinking early or alone can also cause problems because there won’t be anyone to help that person should they falls ill. These are some other negative effects that drinking can lead to (About. om 2013). Underage boys and girls nowadays go out drinking with their friends but most of these children don’t know what problems can cause them later on if they get caught. In some countries in their laws drinking is not acceptable unless a person 21+, because at that age a person are mature enough to understand the causes of drinking and what problems it can lead a person to. For example in the United Arab Emirates, drinking is only acceptable to those who are 21+ and if a person get caught drinking a person get to go to jail and have problems with the law.Many children are arrested each year in the UAE on drinking infractions, 15 years old boys caught drinking in public parks and beaches along the Cornish, caught try to get into bars and drink and their lack of social considerations prevail and they are caught because think that drinking is good for their age and that they want to live their lives as adults. Children with this age do not understand the lasting effects alcohol can cause. The body of a 15 year old teenager cannot tolerate alcohol because it’s very strong and it can cause the stomach problems, blackout, hangovers and many other future mental and physical problems.In other countries it not against the law such as Egypt, Tunisia, Morocco and many others it’s not against the law even if a teenager goes in to a bar to drink its fine they won’t have any problems because it is not against the laws. Some countries it’s against the laws and religion. â€Å"In many Muslim countries, including Pakistan, Iran, and Afghanistan, a recent study by The Economist shows that alcohol might be an increasingly strong foe. Alcohol sales in the Middle East grew 72 percent between 2001 and 2011, despite the beverage being forbidden in Islam.While some Muslim scholars permit alcohol provided it is not made from grapes or dates, as those are specifically mentioned in the Quran, most do not. Many Muslims countries permit alcohol intake by tourists and non-Muslims, some countries make it legal for everyone and others enforce severe punishments; in Iran, for example, the sentence for Muslims caught imbibing is 80 lashes (Nuqudy 2012)†. These countries such as Iran, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Afghanistan drinking is against the laws and against the religion and its forbidden to drink alcohol and if anyone does they will be punished by the law.The question here was asked should Islam become more tolerant to alcohol. Well this quote explains the question; â€Å"The religion of Islam has long recognized the difference between the  "ideal† and the â€Å"reality†. The â€Å"ideal† is represented in the religious teachings in the Qur’an and the exemplary life of Muhammad (Sunna). The â€Å"reality† is the everyday life of countless Muslims over the last fourteen centuries who met the â€Å"ideal† to a greater or lesser degree, or not at all. There is no â€Å"original sin† in Islam and human beings fail to reach the â€Å"ideal† because of weakness and forgetfulness of Allah (God).Muslims, therefore, as per the examples cited in The Economist's article may well have consumed alcohol down through the centuries and may continue to do so in contemporary Muslim societies but this has nothing whatsoever to do with Islam, other than the fact that are engaged in a haram (forbidden) activity (Fairobserver 2013)†. Some countries follow only the law, rules and regulations and some countries follow their religion before there rules and regulations. However in all the countries drinking is forbidden in Ramadan and who is caught drinking in Ramadan will be punished by the laws of the country.In Quran it’s written â€Å"in surah 2, verse 219 of the Quran, it is stated that alcohol, like gambling, can have certain benefits, but â€Å"their sin is greater than their benefit. † In surah 5, verses 90 and 91, drinking is again linked with gambling, and the passages state that Satan uses intoxicants to instill hatred between people and distract them from remembering God. Surah 4, verse 43 also states that it is forbidden to pray while intoxicated (Michael Brenner n. d. ). † In this part it clearly explains that their sins with be greater than their benefits and that drinking is against the religion and linking with gambling. Scientific arguments for prohibition include the links between alcohol abuse and liver disease, cancer and numerous other health problems. The social arguments include the lowering of inhibitions and all the problems that come with it such as domestic violence, the spread of disease and crime (Michael Brenner n. d. )†. As we have said in the paragraph above that Alcohol is illegal in more religiously conformist Muslim countries such as Saudi Arabia, Pakistan and Iran, but it is legal in other Muslim-majority countries such as Lebanon, Egypt and Turkey.However, There are also benefits for women and men who devour a huge amount of alcohol which can include the following: â€Å"Lowers the risk of developing stomach ulcers, because alcohol may destroy Helicobacter pylori infection which causes ulcers, reduces the risk of a female developing heart disease, and leg pains, alcohol raises HDL (good) cholesterol levels which prevents plaques from forming and causing blood clots, possible bone protection, silicon which is found in beer, is associated with an improvement of bone density in males and females, lowers the risk of gallstones, reduces the risk of age-related cognitive decline a nd can reduce plaque build-ups which can lead to Alzheimer’s disease, reduces the risk of diabetes, lowers the risk of stroke, and reduces the risk of dying from a heart attack (Fenton 2009)†. These are great benefits of drinking for those women and men who consume larger amounts of alcohol. However drinking for old women and men can cause many bad consequences such as heart attack, stroke, heart failure, high blood pressure and many other problems can be caused for heavy drinkers in this age. â€Å"Over the past ten years, liquor sales in the Middle East have shot up 72% compared to the average global rise of 30%.Statistics indicate a surprising but clear spike in alcohol consumption in the Muslim-dominated region. Between 2001 and 2011, liquor sales there shot up 72%, according to London-based market research company IWSR. This is an astonishing surge, considering that the average global rise during the same period was 30%. Sample these figures: In Abu Dhabi, liquor sales are growing 28% a year, according to the Financial Times (FT). An increase in alcohol purchases has also been noted in Qatar and Lebanon, not to mention ‘party central’ Dubai, which has comfortably returned to its pre-recession annual sales growth of 26%. Sales at the Dubai Airport alone, reports FT, touched a record $1. 4 billion in 2010 (Thomas White 2012)†. The United Arab Emirates, which includes â€Å"party capital of the Arabian Peninsula† Dubai, is returning to its 2006-2008 trend of 26 percent annual growth in booze sales, which dropped off during the 2009 recession. In Emirate city Abu Dhabi, sales are â€Å"growing at 28 per cent a year. † Dubai's airport alone registered a record $1. 4 billion in 2010 sales. Alcohol industry pros also project increases in Qatar and Lebanon. Karr also notes that much of the liquor imported to the Middle East ends up moving to black markets in countries where it is banned. â€Å"Industry insiders esti mate that more than a half of the alcohol sold to traders in these emirates ends up being smuggled into Saudi Arabia and elsewhere. In Saudi Arabia, a â€Å"standard bottle of whiskey† can go for $150. Still, that's better than China, where producers ask up to $2,700 for a fancy bottle of Scotch (Fisher 2011)†. If we count the millions or billions that these countries make out of drinking it won’t be enough because alcohol has become one of the very huge businesses that people can actually work on it and they will get money and be very rich. In Dubai some people deliver alcohol to homes, just call them anytime and tell them what drinks a person want, when and where and they shall delivers it to a person’s home. Rather than going to drink outside and paying more just call these people who deliver drinks and a person will get them on time.Other problems are students drinking alcohol before going to university and some actually drink in university which is a bad behavior and it is a huge problem because these students have no idea what they are causing themselves in many problems. â€Å"The call to consider reducing the legal drinking age from 21 to 18 could spur some valuable discussion, but alone won't solve the college student alcohol problem, According to University Dean of the IU School of Education Gerardo Gonzalez, an internationally recognized expert on alcohol and drug education. More than 100 college and university chancellors and presidents have signed a public statement stating that the current legal drinking age of 21 hasn't worked (NewInfo 2008)†.Teenagers and many boys and girls drink a lot and they think this will make them feel better but it won’t make them feel better forever. Alcohol has become one of the biggest successful businesses all over the world because people will never stop drinking, no matter how much a person does and how many laws there are in place. Drinking is illegal and forbidden in many countries due to the laws and religion and that each country and place differs from one another. In closing and to sum up this essay, the use of alcohol to enhance personal enjoyment and as a method of increasing community revenues make the age old custom of consumption traditionally and fundamentally accepted in many different societies.As such the debate over the use and misuse of alcohol has continued as has it’s stigma as both a sign of maturity and a problem for many sectors of society. Alcohol has effects the society and has affected us in many different ways. This paper has helped establish some of the many arguments for and against the consumption of alcohol; it is up to the reader to determine which side of the argument to champion. Bibliography About. com. 2013. http://adam. about. net/reports/Alcoholism. htm. David J. , Hanson, Ph. D. Alcohol Problems and Solutions. http://www2. potsdam. edu/hansondj/Controversies/1114796842. html. Fairobserver. 2013. http://www. fairobserver. com/article/should-islam-become-more-tolerant-alcohol. Fenton, Dana. Steady Health.December 18, 2009. http://www. steadyhealth. com/articles/Pros_and_Cons_of_Alcohol_Consumption_a1111. html. Fisher, Max. The Atlantic Wire. January 3, 2011. http://www. theatlanticwire. com/global/2011/01/why-are-middle-east-booze-sales-booming/18095/. Michael Brenner, Demand Media. Opposing Views. http://people. opposingviews. com/drinking-islam-3163. html. NewInfo. August 21, 2008. http://newsinfo. iu. edu/news/page/normal/8692. html. Nuqudy. August 19, 2012. http://english. nuqudy. com/Levant/Alcohol_Sales_Incre-2878. Thomas White. September 14, 2012. http://www. thomaswhite. com/explore-the-world/Postcard/2012/middle-east-alcohol-consumption. aspx.